1 ¶ There was a man of the Pharisees, named Nicodemus, a ruler of the Jews:
This man was an unconverted Jew who was honest and was not satisfied with his spiritual condition and Father God was drawing him to Christ. Christ was going to arrest his attention, put him under conviction, and start implanting desire to follow Him as The Lord Christ, not just teacher, rabbi, healer etc etc.
2 The same came to Jesus by night, and said unto him, Rabbi, we know that thou art a teacher come from God: for no man can do these miracles that thou doest, except God be with him.
This man was feeling his need enough to come, but was embarrassed to go to someone of lesser offical stature in the hirarchy - to have his heart needs and questions answered. nicodemus was a ruler by human rules - Christ is ruler by eternal Heaven's rules. He tries carnal flattery, betraying his unconvertedness, by he is yearning - so he comes.
3 Jesus answered and said unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God.
Jesus immediatly cuts to the heart, nicodemus is already under conviction - He needs to see Jesus as The Christ, and accept Christ as His personal Saviour. New rules new orthadoxey can not save him, only Christ can save him. he must see himself as lost without union with Christ. He must see that he needs conversion ( the new heart / mind). Jewishness or ancient original SDA'ism can not save him, only Christ can save him.
4 Nicodemus saith unto him, How can a man be born when he is old? can he enter the second time into his mother’s womb, and be born?
Nicodemus is spiritually gagging / choaking on this reality - so he resorts to a semi fictitious pretense of not understanding the deeper meaning that Jesus is telling him.
5 Jesus answered, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God.
6 That which is born of the flesh is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.
Nicodemus knows that genuine converts are spiritually changed people, physically becoming a jew and spiritually becoming a jew inwardly - nicodemus knows the wide difference. Biology can not make converts, only conversion can do that, being a jew without conversion does not entitle the person to Heaven.
7 Marvel not that I said unto thee, Ye must be born again.
8 The wind bloweth where it listeth, and thou hearest the sound thereof, but canst not tell whence it cometh, and whither it goeth: so is every one that is born of the Spirit.
9 Nicodemus answered and said unto him, How can these things be?
10 Jesus answered and said unto him, Art thou a master of Israel, and knowest not these things?
Jesus is asking that if you are a spiritual teacher in Israel - why don't you know and teach this - heaven expects it to be known & taught - why don't you know this ? (The implied answer is that you have not personally experienced conversion yourself yet.)
11 Verily, verily, I say unto thee, We speak that we do know, and testify that we have seen; and ye receive not our witness.
Jesus that He knows anout this and Heaven - first hand.
12 If I have told you earthly things, and ye believe not, how shall ye believe, if I tell you of heavenly things?
If Nicodemus can not grasp and apply spiritual truths already opened to folks here below he can not grasp the mission of Jesus.
13 And no man hath ascended up to heaven, but he that came down from heaven, even the Son of man which is in heaven.
Using the Jewish method of first giving the headline, then telling how the headline event was built by next describing the foundation building process leadiong up to the headline - 1st Jesus tells nicodemus - He was personally in Heaven, 2nd - that He Christ came down from Heaven, 3rd - human rules, orthadoxey, human understanding apart from God - can not reach up into Heaven and declarte how salvation operates - only God can explain and define it - like He (Jesus is doing right then ).
14 And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of man be lifted up:
Jesus tells nicodemus what he can understand and directs nicoidemus's future Bible studies - directions. Brazen serpent symbol is also a prophecy applying to Messiah. the very direction nicodemus needs to study.
15 That whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have eternal life.
16 For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.
17 For God sent not his Son into the world to condemn the world; but that the world through him might be saved.
18 He that believeth on him is not condemned: but he that believeth not is condemned already, because he hath not believed in the name of the only begotten Son of God.
19 And this is the condemnation, that light is come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil.
20 For every one that doeth evil hateth the light, neither cometh to the light, lest his deeds should be reproved.
21 But he that doeth truth cometh to the light, that his deeds may be made manifest, that they are wrought in God.
Jesus gives nicodemus as much spiritual directions in salvations absolutes as he can endure that night, and tells nicodemus why the Jewish nation is accepted or rejected. Nicodemus knows the 70 week prophecy - Jesus telling the spiritual absolutes of acceptance or rejection - nicodemus knows Yom Kippur .